Исследование мировых пространств реактивными приборами

Edition

The 1903 printing of the paper (Научное обозрение, St. Petersburg, 1903, No. 5, pp. 45-75) could not be found as a scan: it is not on Wikimedia Commons, Russian Wikisource, the Internet Archive or Google Books, the Presidential Library and the Belinsky Library offer only the 1926 edition online, and the National Electronic Library and the Russian State Library could not be reached on 27 September 2026. This poster therefore gives Tsiolkovsky’s own revised text of 1926, in the orthography of 1926: К. Циолковский, Исследование мировых пространств реактивными приборами (переиздание работ 1903 и 1911 г. с некоторыми изменениями и дополнениями), Kaluga, 1-я Гостипография ГСНХ, 1926, 127 pages, no title page, from the scan of the copy of the Belinsky Library, Yekaterinburg (file 0058711.pdf of the record https://elib.uraic.ru/handle/123456789/66176, 134 pages, with an ABBYY FineReader text layer, 2023; the record states “Свободный доступ”). Another copy of the same edition is on the Internet Archive (https://archive.org/details/issledovaniemirovyhprostranstvreaktivnym67, from the Omsk regional library); it was not used. Excerpt: the whole section “Движение ракеты от взрывания в пустоте и в среде свободной от тяжести”, printed pages 36 (last paragraph) to 43 (PDF pages 38 to 45), up to the next section, “Движение ракеты в среде тяжести, в пустоте”, with formulas 32 to 46 and Table 6. The prose was taken from the text layer, which had already rejoined the words hyphenated at line ends, and checked word by word against the page images; the text layer was corrected where it misread the variables and the words next to formulas (“(Ие)” for “(Le)”, “О” for “0”, “(39і)”, “Мр=Мр^Мо”, “(аМо : dBp)”, “наименьМо, тему” for “наименьшему”, and similar), and the formulas were set in KaTeX from the page images, with their numbers and the words printed on their lines (“Отсюда”, “Следовательно:”, “В таком случае”, “Из 34 найдем:”, “Из (39₁) найдем:”, “В первом случае”, “а во втором”, “или, точнее:”, “(x) близко к 4”). The formulas keep the printed notation: Cyrillic names of the quantities (Ско, Скр, Мо, Мр, Вр, То, Ро, Рр, Ур, Пост), Le for the natural logarithm, a point for multiplication, the numbering 38.. and 39₇.. with two points, and the printed signs, including “Ско+То” in the denominators of 39₆ to 39₈, “Мо₁ . Мр₁” in 45 and “Ско₁” in 42, which may be misprints. The subscript 1 of the quantities is set as a subscript in the prose too. The line “или, на основании 38₉ :”, set on the line of formula 43, is set as a paragraph before it; “где (То) есть постоянная относительная тяжесть. Отсюда:”, printed on the line of formula 39₁, after it. Table 6, printed on page 42 within the paragraph that ends on page 43, follows that paragraph; its headings, 27 rows and the note of its fifth column (“На деле поднятие выше, ибо тяжесть ослабляется.”, printed vertically) were transcribed from the page image and checked against the text layer. The run-in section title and the word “постоянной” are bold, as printed. The “x” of the last formula and of “(x)” in the prose is set as a Latin x, as in formula 44. Page numbers and running heads are dropped.

Rights

Konstantin Tsiolkovsky died on 19 September 1935, before 1956: his works are in the public domain in France since 1 January 2006 (70 years after his death, article L. 123-1 of the Code de la propriété intellectuelle); the wartime extensions of articles L. 123-8 and L. 123-9, added to the former term of 50 years, end before that date and do not extend it. The 1926 edition was published in the USSR in 1926: works published in 1926 entered the public domain in the United States on 1 January 2022, at the end of their 95-year term. The edition has no title page and no editorial matter by anyone else in the pages reproduced.

The Belinsky Library marks the record “Свободный доступ” (open access); its site carries the general line “Все ресурсы в архиве электронных ресурсов защищены авторским правом, все права сохранены”, which cannot cover the text of a work in the public domain. The poster reproduces the text, not the page images.